What Are VOB, IFO and BUP Files?
Understanding the main components of an authored DVD-Video.
VOB, IFO and BUP files are characteristic components of an authored DVD-Video structure.
VOB files
National Archives guidance explains that authored DVDs contain VOB files for video content and IFO and BUP files for menu and backup information.
IFO files
VOB files may contain video, audio, subtitles and other programme elements. IFO files provide navigation information, while BUP files provide backup copies of IFO information.
BUP files
Preserving the complete VIDEO_TS structure can retain information that would be lost if only the main video were exported.
VIDEO_TS
Access derivatives can then be created without destroying the original authored structure.
Preservation
QA should confirm that the expected folders and files are present and that the resulting programme plays correctly.
Reference guidance: This article is informed by optical-media preservation guidance from the U.S. National Archives and the Library of Congress Recommended Formats Statement. Where appropriate, the article distinguishes preservation guidance from practical extraction procedures.
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